Instructional design
Is a means of creating a way to teach people through the use of creating tools and content to help a person learn effectively through the instructions created. These instructional design can be made up of flow charts, images; showing step by step movements, and can be written in basic instructions so it can be followed easily through the simplicity.
Instructional design these days with rapid technology advances have come a long way from just the average flow chart in books but have moved on to make full use of technology to its advantage such as educational animation, it captures peoples attention and it also makes it easier to follow with the moving graphics to show clear and precise information. Also the people are engaged because of the design.
Information Design
This sort of design is where data is organized, written and presented so that everyone can understand it. Such as road signs, graphs and etc.
The weather panel that you see on the right is one of these types of information design, it is made clear and simple to communicate a large amount of information in a short second, such as a glance. From this you can tell exactly what the weather will be like, cloudy, rainy, sunny etc, and even the temperature and on which day.